Prochlorperazine — NZ Medication Guide
📋 Reviewed by a Registered Pharmacist NZ — This information is for general educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.
What is Prochlorperazine?
Prochlorperazine is a phenothiazine antipsychotic used primarily as an antiemetic (anti-nausea) and for the treatment of vertigo. This medication is commonly prescribed in New Zealand and is funded by Pharmac for nausea, vomiting, and vertigo.
What is Prochlorperazine Used For?
Prochlorperazine is used for nausea and vomiting (including that associated with migraines, labyrinthitis, and chemotherapy), and for vertigo and dizziness caused by Ménière’s disease and labyrinthine disorders.
How Does Prochlorperazine Work?
Prochlorperazine blocks dopamine D2 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and vomiting centre of the brain, suppressing nausea and vomiting. Its action on the vestibular system also helps control vertigo.
How to Take Prochlorperazine
Available as tablets (5 mg), buccal tablets (3 mg — placed between the gum and cheek), and injection. For nausea: 5–10 mg two to three times daily. Buccal tablets are useful when swallowing is difficult. Do not drive or operate machinery while taking prochlorperazine, as it causes sedation.
Common Side Effects of Prochlorperazine
- Drowsiness and sedation
- Dry mouth
- Blurred vision
- Dizziness
- Constipation
- Extrapyramidal symptoms (muscle stiffness, restlessness, tremor — especially with higher doses)
Serious Side Effects — Seek Medical Attention
Contact your doctor or call 111 immediately if you experience any of the following:
- Tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movements — with prolonged use)
- Acute dystonic reactions (muscle spasms, particularly of the neck and face — especially in young people)
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (rare but life-threatening)
- QT prolongation
- Agranulocytosis (rare)
Drug Interactions
Prochlorperazine may interact with other medicines. Always inform your doctor and pharmacist of all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking. Key interactions include:
- Other CNS depressants (enhanced sedation)
- Lithium (increased risk of extrapyramidal effects)
- QT-prolonging medicines (additive risk)
- Antihypertensives (enhanced hypotension)
- Antidiabetic medicines (may mask hypoglycaemia signs)
New Zealand Prescribing Information
Prochlorperazine maleate tablets (5 mg) and buccal tablets (Buccastem®, 3 mg) are funded by Pharmac. For vertigo, prochlorperazine should be used for short periods only — long-term use is not recommended as it can interfere with central vestibular compensation. Vestibular rehabilitation exercises are preferred for long-term vertigo management.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I drive while taking prochlorperazine?
No — prochlorperazine causes significant drowsiness and impairs your ability to drive or operate machinery safely. Do not drive until you know how this medicine affects you.
How do I use the buccal tablets?
Place the Buccastem® tablet between your upper gum and your cheek and allow it to dissolve slowly (usually 1–2 hours). Do not chew or swallow it whole. Avoid drinking or eating while it is dissolving. This route bypasses the stomach, which is useful if you are already vomiting.
⚠️ Disclaimer: This page is for educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your doctor or a qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or medication. In New Zealand, medication availability and funding may vary — check with Pharmac or your pharmacist for the most current information.
Reviewed by a Registered Pharmacist NZ
References & Further Information
The following New Zealand and international resources were used to inform this page: