How to Use a Nebuliser | KiwiMeds Device Guide

A nebuliser converts liquid medication into a fine mist that you breathe in through a mask or mouthpiece. Nebulisers are most commonly used for young children, elderly patients, or those who cannot use handheld inhalers effectively. In NZ, nebulisers are available for purchase or sometimes loaned by respiratory clinics.

What You Need

• Nebuliser machine (compressor)
• Nebuliser cup/chamber
• Mouthpiece or face mask
• Tubing
• Prescribed medication (in liquid ampoules)
• Clean hands

Step-by-Step Instructions

1. 1
   Wash your hands thoroughly before handling the medication and equipment.
2. 2
   Assemble the nebuliser — attach the tubing to the compressor and to the nebuliser cup.
3. 3
   Open the medication ampoule and pour the entire contents into the nebuliser cup. If mixing two medications, check with your pharmacist first.
4. 4
   Attach the mouthpiece or face mask to the nebuliser cup. Sit upright in a comfortable position.
5. 5
   Turn on the compressor. A mist should appear within a few seconds.
6. 6
   Place the mouthpiece in your mouth (preferred) or hold the mask firmly over your nose and mouth. Breathe normally and steadily — no special technique needed.
7. 7
   Continue until the mist stops and the cup is empty — usually 5–15 minutes. Occasionally tap the cup to ensure all medication is used.
8. 8
   Turn off the machine. If using a steroid nebuliser, wash your face (if using a mask) and rinse your mouth.

Cleaning Your Nebuliser

• After every use: Rinse the nebuliser cup, mouthpiece and mask with sterile or cooled boiled water. Allow to air dry.
• Daily: Wash all parts (except tubing and compressor) in warm soapy water, rinse, and air dry.
• Weekly: Disinfect by soaking in diluted white vinegar (1 part vinegar : 3 parts water) for 30 minutes, then rinse thoroughly.
• Replace nebuliser cups every 1–3 months or as directed.

When to Use a Nebuliser vs an Inhaler

Inhalers with spacers are equally effective as nebulisers in most situations and are more convenient. Nebulisers are generally reserved for acute severe episodes, young children, or patients unable to use inhalers. Ask your doctor or pharmacist which is right for you.