Zinc Oxide — NZ Medication Guide

What is Zinc Oxide?

Zinc Oxide (generic name: zinc oxide) is a medication used primarily for skin protection, nappy rash, minor wounds, and sunscreen protection. Zinc oxide preparations are widely available OTC in New Zealand pharmacies and supermarkets without a prescription. Common brands include Bepanthen, Sudocrem, and various sunscreen products.

What is Zinc Oxide Used For?

Zinc Oxide is prescribed by healthcare professionals in New Zealand for the following indications:

• Nappy rash (diaper dermatitis) — prevention and treatment
• Minor skin irritations, chafing, and abrasions
• Skin protection in incontinence-associated dermatitis
• Mild eczema and dry, cracked skin
• Sunscreen (physical UV blocker — broad-spectrum UVA/UVB protection)
• Minor burns and wounds

How Does Zinc Oxide Work?

Zinc oxide is an inorganic compound with multiple mechanisms of action. As a skin protectant, it forms a physical barrier that shields the skin from moisture (urine, sweat) and irritants, reducing inflammation and promoting healing. As a sunscreen agent, zinc oxide physically reflects and scatters UV radiation (both UVA and UVB), providing broad-spectrum sun protection. Zinc also has mild astringent, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory properties that aid in wound healing.

How to Take Zinc Oxide

For nappy rash (cream or ointment): apply a thick layer to clean, dry skin at each nappy change. Allow the skin to air dry briefly if possible before applying. For sunscreen: apply generously to all exposed skin at least 20 minutes before sun exposure. Reapply every 2 hours and after swimming or sweating. For skin irritations: apply a thin layer to the affected area 2–3 times daily or as directed. Zinc oxide products are available OTC at NZ pharmacies without a prescription.

Common Side Effects

• Generally very safe and well tolerated with topical use
• Occasional mild skin irritation or dryness
• White cast on skin (with sunscreen formulations — especially at high concentrations)
• Mild contact allergy (rare)

Serious Side Effects — Seek Medical Attention

• Inhalation of zinc oxide powder can cause metal fume fever — avoid powder formulations near infants
• Severe allergic contact dermatitis (rare)
• Zinc toxicity is extremely unlikely with topical use but possible with ingestion of large amounts

Drug Interactions

• Topical corticosteroids — zinc oxide is commonly combined with hydrocortisone for enhanced skin protection; this is safe and appropriate
• No significant drug interactions with standard topical use

New Zealand Prescribing Information

In New Zealand, zinc oxide-based sunscreens are recommended by the Cancer Society of New Zealand for physical sun protection, particularly for infants, young children, and individuals with sensitive skin. Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide physical blockers are considered safe alternatives to chemical sunscreen filters. The Cancer Society recommends SPF 50+ broad-spectrum sunscreen for New Zealanders due to the high UV index. Zinc oxide barrier creams are standard of care for preventing and managing nappy rash in infants.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is zinc oxide sunscreen safe for babies and children?

Yes — zinc oxide is one of the safest sunscreen ingredients for infants and children. It acts as a physical blocker (reflecting UV) rather than a chemical filter, making it less likely to cause skin irritation or sensitivity. The Cancer Society of New Zealand recommends physical sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide for babies and young children. Avoid sunscreen on infants under 6 months — keep them out of direct sun and use protective clothing and shade instead.

How does zinc oxide cream help nappy rash?

Zinc oxide creates a protective physical barrier on the skin that shields it from urine, faeces, and moisture — the primary causes of nappy rash. It also has mild anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties. Apply a generous thick layer at every nappy change, especially overnight. If the nappy rash involves a blistered or weeping area, or if it does not improve within 3 days, see your pharmacist or doctor as a fungal or bacterial infection may be present.

References & Further Information

The following New Zealand and international resources were used to inform this page:

• New Zealand Formulary — Zinc Oxide
• Cancer Society New Zealand — Sunscreen Information
• BPAC NZ — Nappy Rash Management
• Pharmac — Funded Medicines Schedule

Reviewed by a Registered Pharmacist — KiwiMeds New Zealand